猪笼草消化液中蛋白酶的活性初探

为了进。步分析猪笼草瓶状体内消化液中蛋白质的性质，本研究在不同的温度和pH条件下测定消化液中蛋白酶的活性，并且比较了3种不同沉淀方法对消化液蛋白进行的浓缩，通过SDS-聚丙烯酰胺电泳对消化液蛋白作了初步分离。结果表明，猪笼草消化液中蛋白酶的最适酶活温度为50℃，且稳定性最高；当pH为5时，该蛋白酶活性出现峰值，采用氯仿-正丁醇法（5：1）沉淀浓缩猪笼草消化液蛋白样品效果最佳。聚丙烯酰胺电泳结果表明，消化液至少包括三种蛋白组分，分子量分别为24.3kD、35．1kD和61．4kD，且35．1kD条带具有抗胰蛋白酶消化活性。本研究为综合开发利用猪笼草野生资源提供理论依据。     

衡水市常见园林植物的物候期观察

以衡水市园林植物为试材,通过连续2年的调查,观测了各园林植物的萌芽期、展叶期、开花期、果实发育期、叶片变色期和落叶期等物候变化.结果表明,衡水市的园林植物物候期分布较合理,从3月中旬开始一直持续到12月底,但花期过于集中,在植物的配置与栽培管理方面需要加强.2011年同2010年相比较,园林植物物候期存在明显提前的现象,大部分植物全年的物候期比2010年延长了15～30 d不等.在不同时期,植物表现出明显的种内与种间差异,这些差异数据可为园林绿化的树种选择、合理配置以及研究气候变化规律提供理论参考.     

Effects of silicon application on drought resistance of cucumber plants

A study on the effects of silicon supply on the resistance to drought in cucumber plants was conducted in pot experiments. The results suggested that in the absence of stress, silicon slightly enhanced the net photosynthetic rate, but significantly decreased the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance in cucumber plants. Silicon enhanced the net photosynthetic rate of cucumber plants under drought stress. Since silicon decreased the stomatal conductance, enhanced the capacity of holding water, and kept the transpiration rate at a relatively steady rate during drought stress, the photosynthesis of the cucumber plants was sustained. And under drought stress, silicon increased the biomass and water content of leaves in cucumber plants. Silicon decreased the decomposition of chlorophyll in cucumber plants under drought stress, limited the increase of the plasma membrane permeability and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves, alleviated the physiological response of peroxidase (POD) to drought stress, maintained the superoxide dismutase (SOD) normal adaptation, and increased the activity of catalase (CAT). Under severe stress, these physiological biochemical reactions showed positive correlations with the amount of silicon supply. These findings demonstrated that silicon enhanced the resistance of the cucumber plants to drought. Statistical analysis indicated that under drought stress the cumulative value of biomass showed a highly significant correlation with the cumulative value of diurnal photosynthesis (r = 0.9812, p < 0.01), and was significantly correlated with the water content of leaves (r = 0.8650, p < 0.05). These results demonstrated that under drought stress the first factor responsible for the effects of silicon application on the cumulative value of biomass was the increase of photosynthesis, and the second factor was the enhancement of the water holding capacity. Based on these facts, it was concluded that silicon enhanced the resistance to drought mainly by taking part in the metabolism of plants.     

植物品种权许可实施合同选择分析

许可实施是植物品种权实施的主要模式之一，是将创新品种转化为利润的重要机制，能够激励植 物新品种研发创新，并促进新品种技术扩散。植物品种权许可实施不同于品种权转让，具有收入效应和竞 争效应，从微观角度可以提高知识资产的使用效率。但是植物品种权许可实施的收入效应和竞争效应受复 杂因素影响，由于信息不对称和不确定因素的存在，许可双方无法事先签订完美的许可合同。品种权人可 以通过许可合同价格条款和许可范围的选择，利用“入门费 分期提成/阶段性支付”的许可费用模式， 规避许可风险。     

论河南省公路绿化植物选择

河南省境内交通发达、公路纵横,其公路绿化得天独厚、大有可为。河南省公路绿化植物的选择,应遵循交通安全、生态优先、因地制宜、多重效益兼顾、生物多样性几项原则,并且依中央隔离绿化带、快慢道隔离绿化带、路肩绿化带、边坡绿化带、边沟绿化带、主绿化带这些不同地段的立地条件和绿化要求,来选择相应的植物种类。     

浅谈园林绿地景石设计

鉴于目前普遍的园林景观建设,针对绿地景石布置,从选材、设置理念到布置方式逐一进行了探讨,为绿地景石的布置设计提供参考。     

风水文化在植物景观中的应用研究

从风水文化的视角探讨了植物景观中的阴阳属性、五行学说和象征寓意，并以此为指导，研究了风水文化在植物景观的空间营造、物种配置和主题构建三个方面的应用，提出了尊重植物的生长环境和规律、选择有利于人类生活需要和身心健康的植物、赋予植物思想文化内涵，进而构建宜居的植物景观氛围的建议。     

Toward sustainable harvesting of Africa's largest medicinal plant export (Prunus africana): a case study in Tanzania

Global demand for treating prostate disorders with Prunus africana bark extract has made P. africana Africa's largest medicinal plant export. Unsustainable harvesting practices can lead to local extirpations of this multipurpose tree. Survey research targeting P. africana harvesters in a Tanzania forest reserve revealed that 78% of them used unsustainable harvesting practices. This research focused on establishing a socioeconomic profile of the harvesters, the profitability of their business operations, and identifying the factors that influence their selection of harvesting practices. Results indicate that harvesters have above-national-average education, double the average family size, and generate income exceeding government's minimum wages. Large family size and high earning potential imply increased future harvesting activity. Logistic regression results indicate that education and training level could predict the likelihood that a harvester would use unsustainable harvesting practices. Local- and district-level government organisations could implement a resource assessment as a basis to design and implement harvesting schedules and ensure that the harvesters receive appropriate training, regardless of their education level.     

Variation in Growth and Yield Performance of Seventeen Water Chestnut Accessions (Trapa spp.) Collected from Asia and Europe

Abstract

Water chestnut is an aquatic annual herb, and its fresh, edible fruit is a valuable crop. The huge variation in growth and yield of water chestnuts has not been well documented. In this study, the yield performance of 17 water chestnut lines, eight from China (Trapa acornis L., T. bicornis L., T. bispinosa Roxb, T. quadrispinosa Roxb), one from France (T. natans L.), one from India (T. bispinosa Roxb.), three from Italy (T. natans L.), three from Japanese (T. incisa L., T. japonica Flerov, T. natans.L. var. rubeola Makino), and one from Korean (T. japonica Flerov.) were cultivated in Saga City, Japan during the summer, 2005, and the morphological characters of their fruit were analyzed. European lines were early flowering, but had a lower yield due to poor canopy density and lower rosette density. All the Asian lines had a higher rosette density. In spite of the smaller number of fruits per rosette, the Chinese lines had a higher yield than the other lines because the fruit was larger. The yield performance of the Indian line was similar to that of the Chinese lines. The Korean and Japanese lines produced a large number of small fruits per unit land area. Apart from the variation in fruit size, a huge variation in shape including the height, width and the spines were observed. Path analysis revealed that productive rosette number m-² and the single fresh fruit weight are two direct yield determinants while number of fruits per rosette has indirect negative influence on yield via productive rosette number and single fruit weight.